1.2 The four theories, contributed to the main point of mastering the concept of current structure of organization

In 2006, Bindslev and Laegard concisely and critically revised the four theories, contributed to the main point of mastering the concept of current structure of organization and the organization itself.

       Administrative theory

The concept of administrative theory of Henry Fayol points out a rather more rational perspective; Instead of setting up scientific processes for the common worker, administration processes were now the key focus with the result that a series of actions could be standardized from the management to the level of operation where every single employee takes the information and implements it in their daily jobs. Therefore, the approach of this theory is more top-down. In 2017, Krenn also found that the theory of Henry Fayol spans management with 14 principles. Based on the principles, admin associates with people in five different ways. Those are to plan, organize, command, coordinate, and control.

Administrative behavior

One of the main administrative theory critics was given by Herbert Simon. Simon said the rational model does not really exist. In contrast, it must be considered as a changing term because of the fact that no organization or individual can rationally decide since everyone has no same point of view of interests, goals, ideals, and border between rational and irrational behavior side of mankind as creatures who need companionship (Simonsen, 1994). As an alternative, He classified his research into two categories - Administrative and Economic person. The economic person distinguishes how every single thing works on the path and holds the principle of values and facts, but the other one looks for another available possibility of an acceptable standard or extended satisfactory. In addition, the economic one looks at the complexity of world while the administrative one looks at simplified model of everything and to finally decide, the person only considers the critical aspects. Bindslev and Laegaard (2006) noted the statement that different things made decisions. Those things are factual and value premises. The factual ones stay at the down level of management which is based on how every single thing in the environment actually works, while the value ones are considered in the top level of management which is mostly based on the best solution. This creates a top-down design allowing to make decision at each sublevel where each in the hierarchy is a final to those below it, and an understanding to those above.

      Structure Of  Organization and Bureaucracy    

   Max Weber developed a theory of organizational structure and bureaucracy. It establishes clear regulations regarding authority, regulatory systems, and hierarchical structures. In its easy-to-understand form, there is a command chain in which the leader or the authority is legally employed to its limits and accepted by subordinates. The leader also has rational-legal aspects, tradition, or charisma, it builds a rule-bound, sustainable corporation with strong objectives and targets. It formalizes individual functioning and job specialization, allows appointments to be made on the basis of competency, separates the assets of organization from those of the owners, and regulates decisions ultimately. Laegaard and Bindslev (2006) argued the structures of hierarchy are methodically created due to separate factors, including: complexity, size, external and internal frictions, the need for management, and the struggle of class each of which is essential in building a distinct structure of hierarchy where a strategy plan and its implementation should be considered.  

         Management as a scientific theory

      In the beginning of the 20th century, the theory of scientific management, one of the first theories, was founded by Frederick Taylor. This theory is the first one that scientifically studies the processes work (Mind Tools, n.d). Basically, it stipulates that managers or management at the top level can be outdone by ordinary employees if they follow the knowledge-based method, and thus conceptualize an up and down approach. It involves organized training of employees who require a bit of input through knowledge-based computations for output performance on a larger scale with the result that top level of management can spend more time in training and planning, at the same time as employees efficiently perform their tasks. It is widely used in the age of industry in organizations involving mass production such as the automotive industry; for example, for mass production Henry Ford engines favored standardized procedures which can be taught to employees (Laegaard and Bindslev, 2006) .   Essentially, it does improve efficiency and productivity in a large number of diverse sectors of the organization, but ignoring aspects of human work having procedures similar to machine which produces optimum output as the main advantage. 

    Conclusion

      In my opinion, the Henry Fayol’s theory has an easy routine to follow since this routine is also the first thing on management I studied in the junior high school once I was the leader of a student’s council. The ways of the routine are to plan, organize, command, coordinate, and control. Every management activity during my organization experience from junior high school student’s council to the current NGO leader used to plan every process in detail, organize all resources of organization during the event and or productive time, set up the chain of commands, and control how every single thing must act in accordance with the rules and agreement with all organization member. This routine makes our goal achieved very well, all things are very well organized, and almost all people happy.  

Bibliografhy

Krenn, J. (2017). Management Theory of Henry Fayol. Retrieved from https://www.business.com/articles/management-theory-of-henri-fayol/

Laegaard, J., & Bindslev, M. (2006). Organizational Theory. Ventus Publishing ApS & Bookboon.com

Mind Tools. (n.d). Frederick Taylor and Scientific Management. Retrieved from https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_Taylor.htm

Simonsen, J. (1994). Administrative Behavior How Organizations can be understood in terms of Decision Process. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a78c/493ee0e8c9 dfe7bd0fbaa2ef0ca2c8aa4562.pdf